3 the sun, moon, earth (and so on) all move around each other. Assume you're talking to someone ignorant of the basic facts of astronomy. Relatively recent measurements indicate that the sun is nearly the roundest object ever measured.
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At some point within roughly a billion years, the planet will cross the. Those are completely different things. The sun would actually look very small to us in the sky if there were no atmosphere (it's the same.
And, indeed, if we look at the most dominant wavelength of the sun.
1) the sun seems brighter (more dazzling) if there is more scattering in the atmosphere. As i asked before, separate. You say that sun rises in the east (with a certain degree of oscillations due to the tilt of the axis) just because the earth. The sun does not rise, it is the horizon that goes down.
Similarly, how would you prove to them. Approximating the sun as a black body effectively means that it's surface temperature is 5800k. If scaled to the size of a beach ball, it would be so round that the difference. The sun is currently brightening at about one percent per hundred million years, and that rate is gradually increasing.

Well, from the sun's perspective, one square km of land near the poles looks a lot smaller than one square km of land near the equator for the same exact reason.
The reason we say the earth moves around the sun is because the effects are more visible on a macro scale, and easier to. How would you prove to them that earth orbits the sun?